Excavator



t e e h s e e h s 3. am. Nmv mn V .A WG .u G n d M 0 w No. 580,189.Patented Apr. 6, 1897.

THE nouns PETERS co. vrn1'o.uruo,. WAM-Immun n c 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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G. W. KING. BXGAVATOR.

I Patented Apr. 6, 1897.

DIRIS PUE ww mfllwo., WASHINGON, D o,

(No Model.) I a sheets-sheet 3.

Gr. W. KING.

EXGAVATOR.

No. 580,189. PatentedApr.6,1897.

UNITED STATES PATENT OYEEICE.

GEORGE IV. KING, OF MARION, OHIO.

EX CAVATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 580,189, dated April 6,1897.

Application filed March Z, 1896. Serial No. 581,424. (No model.)

To all whom t 11mg/ concern;

Be it known that I, GEORGE IV. KING, of Marion, in the county of Marionand State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inExcavators; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in excavators; and it consists,among other things, in an improved construction of the floor or lowerportion of the stationary framework or body portion of the machine andtrussing said Hoor and iioor-supports without interfering with thestrength of the bolsters over the trucks.

My invention consists also in improvements in bracing the machineexternally and laterally, and comprising a brace whose framework iscomposed of two approximately horizontally-arranged rods or bars pivotedvertically or uprightly at their inner ends to the stationary part ofthe machine and converging toward and detachably secured at their outerends to the outer and lower end of a diagonally-arranged bar, whoseupper or opposite end is connected with the machines body portion insuch a manner as to render` it capable of being swung laterallyalongside the machines body portion.

My invention consists also in employing a peculiar hinged connectionbetween the upper or diagonal member of the brace and machines bodyportion that will come apart and release said member from the bodyportion in case the lower members or supports of the brace break, andthereby avoid other damage to the brace and mutilation of the aforesaidhinge connection.

My invention consists also in improvements in the apparatus employed forfeeding the dipper or shovel, and particularly in a novel shovel-feedapparatus capable of slowly and powerfully thrusting or feeding theshovel outwardly in excavating and quickly returning the shovel afterexcavation.

My invention consists, moreover, in other meritorious features ofconstruction and combinations of parts hereinafter described, andpointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a side elevation of a steamshovel or excavator embodying my invention. Fig. 2 isa top plan ofport-ions of the same. Portions are broken away in said gures to moreclearly show the construction. Fig. 3 is a front end elevation of thecardioor and shows also the so-called A-frame, the forward truck, thebolster over said truck, the external jack or brace at one side of themachine in its operative position, and the members of the frame of thebrace at the opposite side of machine swung laterally alongside theinachines body portion. Fig. 4 is a top plan of the stationary bracketthat bears the upper end of the diagonally-arranged bar of a bracesframe and shows the connection of said bal-s end with said bracket. Fig.5 is afront side elevation relative to Fig. ji. Fig. 6 is a sideelevation of a portion of the shovel-arm and shows my improved means forretaining the rack or racks upon said arm in mesh with the pinion orpinions upon a shaft that is borne by the boom and forms a part of theshovel-feed apparatus. Fig. 7 is an elevation, partly intransversesection, on line 7 7, Fig. 6. Fig. 8v is a side elevation ofthe upper end of the so-called A-frame and a vertically and laterallyswinging bracket supported from the said frames head and bearing asheave that is instrumental in supporting and guiding the hoisting chainor cable.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the body of the car of a steamshovel or excavator embodying my invention. The car is mounted upon twowheeled trucks a a, arranged at opposite ends, respectively, of the car.

B designates the bolsters over the trucks. Girders O extend lengthwiseof the car and rest upon the trucks. in the case illustrated and arearranged at suitable intervals between the extremities of the trucks.Each of the two centrally-located girders is composed, preferably, oftwo channel-bars arranged with their hanged sides visa-vis andwood-lling between said bars, as shown in Fig. 3. Each of the two outergirders is composed of a channel-bar at its inner side and an I-beam atits outer side and Woodilling between said beam and bar. Said I- beam iscomparatively wide and extends be- Four girders are shown IOO low thegirder, as at C', and over the ends of the bolsters, andV has its lowerinner iange engaging the under sides of the holsters, as

shown in Fig. 3. Any suitable number of cross-beams C2 are preferablyinterposed between the lower portions of the two I-beams at suitableintervals between the bolsters. The I-beams are also preferablyconnected together by any suitable number of tie-rods C3. It willtherefore be observed that the I- beams effectually truss the lowerportion of the machines body portion without interfering with thestrength of the bolsters.

The car or body portion at the forward end of the car-body has aforwardly-extending platform A', and E designates the so-called A-frame,that is mounted upon and suitably secured to said platform, preferablyat the platforms rear portion just forward of the car-body. Said frame Eis instrumental in supporting' the laterally-swinging boom or crane ofthe machine, and at its upper end is provided with a metallic cap orhead e, that embraces the upper end of the A-frame, and the rearwardlyand downwardly extending diagonally-arranged bar E', that supports andbraces the A-fra'me in a rearward direction. Cap or head e at its upperend is provided with a horizontally-arrangedV and forwardlyprojectingear e', that bears the upper pivotal center of the laterally-swim gingboom or crane and bears the horizontally-swinging bracket e2, that isvertically pivoted at its inner end to said ear and has its axis formingthe aforesaid pivotal center. To the' outer and forward end of brackete2 is suitably connected the rear end of a rod e3, whose forward end isattached to the upper and outer end of boom F, that projects outwardlyand upwardly from and is operatively connected with thesuitably-actuated horizontally-arranged turntable F', (shown mountedupon the forward portion of platform B and upon a vertical hollow box ortrunnion a', rigid with platform A.) The boom comprises in the main twobars or beams arranged parallel with each other, as shown in Fig. 2.

G designates the excavating clipper or shovel, g the shovel-arm, and Gthe shovels bail.

G2 represents the hoisting chain or cable that is suitably attached atone end to the shovelbail, thence leads upwardly to and over avertically-arranged sheave G3, suitably supported from and between theupper end of the two bars or beams composing the boom and having itsaxis extending transversely of the boom. From sheave G3 cable G2 leadsrearwardly and approximately horizontally to and over avertically-arranged sheave G4, having its axis parallel with theboom-sheave G3 and supported from a vertically and laterally swingingbracket G5, preferably journaled at its upper end upon the arm e4 ofbracket e2. From sheave G"l the hoisting chain or cable leads downwardlyand rearwardly to and operatively engages a windin gdrum G6, that iscalled the hoisting-drum, and is loosely mounted upon a shaft H,arranged transversely of and supported within car-body A a suitabledistance rearward of the A-frame, and it is obvious that theexcavating-shovel is hoistedwhen the hoistingcable is wound upon thehoisting-drum, and lowers by gravity when said drum is rendered free topay out the engaging cable. Shaft H is intergeared at h with asuitably-actuated driving-shaft I, arranged rearward of and parallelwith shaft H, and operative connection between the hoisting-drum and theshaftbearing is controlled by a suitably-operated clutch G7. (See Fig.2.)

The A-frame straddles the rear portion of the turn-table withoutinterfering with the latters operation, and the space or intervalbetween said table and hoisting-drum-supporting shaft should be largeenough to accommodate the location of the suitably-driven shaft J, thatis arranged forward of and par- Again referring to the means forsupporting and guiding the hoisting chain or cable over the turn-table,it will be observed that the axis of sheave-bearingbracket G5 isarranged parallel or approximately parallel with the cable-sectionextending between sheave G4 and the boom-sheave G3, and said axispreferabl y traverses the upper pivotal center of the boom, by whichconstruction and arrangement of parts said section of the hoisting-cableand sheave G4 are kept in their proper relative positionk or alinementin swinging the boom laterally. Fig. 8 shows bracket G5 swung laterallyinto a position it assumes upon swinging the boom laterally andrearwardly in one direction. The journaling of bracket G5 upon theadjacent arm of bracket e2 dispenses with the employment of a separatepiece or member for supporting said bracket G5.

The two chains or cables ff (see Fig. 2) instrumental in swinging theboom laterally in opposite directions, respectively, are suitablyattached to the turn-table at opposite sides, respectively, of and inclose proximity to the boom, and said cables lead from the tablerearwardly to and operatively engage different winding-drums f' f',respectively, loosely mounted upon shaft J and a suitable distanceapart, and itis obvious that the boom is swung laterally in the one orthe other direction according as the one or the other of said cables isWound upon the engaging drum. A suit- IOO ably-operated clutch f2 isprovided for each drum f for controllingv operative connection betweenthe drum and shaft.

Shovel-arm gis shown composed of a single beam, (see Fig. 7,) and uponits rear side is provided with two parallel racks g g', arranged asuitable distance apart and longitudinally of the arm. Racks g' g' meshwith two different pinions Z Z, respectively, that are operativelymounted upon a suitablydriven shaft Z, arranged horizontally andtransversely of and suitably supported from the boom, as shown in Figs.2 and 7, and it is obvious that the shovel-arm,and consequently theshovel, is thrust or fed outwardly as required to excavate or returnedor moved inwardly after excavating, according as said shaft Z is rotatedin the one or the other direction.

To retain the shovel-arm racks in operative engagement with theaforesaid pinions during the feeding operation of the shovel, and at thesame time accommodate the construction of the shovel-arm of a singlebeam, I provide a yoke or strap g2, that is U-shaped and has its centralportion straddlin g the pinion-bearing shaft, as shown very clearly inFigs. 6 and 7, and has its ends terminating in laterally-projecting andexternal flanges g3, suitably secured, preferably removably,by means ofbolts and nuts g4 and g5, respectively, to a block or plate g,thateasily tits within a recess gi, formed within the shovel-arms rear sidebetween and behind the inner portions of the rack-bars and long enoughto accommodate the feed of the shovel. Member Q6 overlaps, therefore,the back sides of the rack-bars.

Two spur-gears Z2 Z2 (see Fig. 2) are operatively mounted upon shaft Zat opposite sides, respectively, of the boom and mesh with pinions L2L2, respectively, that are operatively mounted upon opposite ends,respectively, of a shaft L, that is arranged parallel with and asuitable distance rearward of shaft Z, and is supported from the boom. Awindingdrum L is operatively mounted upon shaft L between the two barsor beams that compose the boom. A suitably-actuated shovelfeed chain orcable M leads over an d is adapted to wind upon one end of drum Ll inthe one direction, and another suitably-actuated shovel-feed chain orcable m leads in under and is adapted to wind upon the opposite endportion of said drum and in the opposite direction, so that when one ofsaid cables is actuated and in the direction required to pay it out fromthe engaging drum the other feedcable is wound upon the engaging drumand the shovel is fed in or out, according as said drum is rotated inthe one direction or 'the other.

The two chains or cables M m lead downwardl y and rearwardly from drumL' to and over vertical sheaves Mm, respectively, supported from thelower end of the boom and arranged side by side just forward and atopposite sides, respectively, of the turn-tables axis, with their axescoincident with each other and extending transversely of the boom. Fromsheaves M m said cables M and m lead downwardly through the hole a2,extending centrally through trunnion a', upon which the turn-table ismounted, and throughplatform A to and in under the twosuitably-supported sheaves M2 m2, respectively, that are arranged sideby side below said table and at oppositev sides, respectively, and justrearward of the tables axis, and thence cables M and fm lead upwardlyand rearwardly into operative engagement with dierent drums M3 and m3,respectively, loosely mounted upon shaft J. A suitably-operated clutch Jis provided for each of said drums for controlling operative connectionbetween the drum and shaft. It will also be observed that drum M3 isdiametrically larger than drum m3, and consequently cable M when woundupon its actuating-drum M3 is more rapidly driven than cable m when thelatter is wound upon its actuating-drum, and the arrangement of partsis, furthermore, such that the smaller drum m3 is instrumental in eecting the excavating stroke or movement of the shovel, and the larger drumM3 nds employment in returning or inwardly moving the shovel afterexcavating. It is obvious, therefore, that a slow and powerful thrust'is given to the shovel in excavating and a quick return of the shovelafter excavating is effected.

Any suitable means, not considered necessary to describe or illustratein this application, for maintaining the shovel-feed cables under propertension during the shovel-feeding operation is preferably provided.

I would here remark that shaft J when operated is driven continuously inone direction and is intergeared with shaft H by a pinion H',operatively mounted upon said shaft H and meshing with a diametricallylarger spurgear J2, operatively mounted on shaft J. (See Fig. 2.) Theplacing of the shovel-feed drums M3 and m3 and boom-swinging drums upona shaft forward of the hoisting-drum shaft is important, because itadmits of placing simple lever mechanism (not shown) for operating theclutches provided for said drums within the attendants convenient reachand also admits of the provision of motion for the boom and shovel-feedslower than the motion employed for hoisting the shovel.

O designates a vertically-tilting lever fulcrumed at its upper end at Oto the shovelarm in suitable proximity to the hinged end of the hingedbottom of the shovel. Said lever is shown only in Fig. l and isinstrumental in releasing the shovel-bottom from latch mechanism (notshown) employed to retain the bottom closed. Lever O is operated byarope O2, suitably supported and leading to and over the operators standwithin convenient reach of the operator and engaged by a poise O3, thatholds said rope under a suitable tension.

The machines body portion should be ad- IOO IIC

equately braced laterally and externally, especiallyimmediately adjacentto the A-frame. It will of course be understood that an excavator of thecharacter indicated is braced at both sides, and a description of thebrace employed at either side of the excavator is therefore consideredsufficient. The brace employedcomprises a base or foot P, (see Figs. l,2, and 3,) arranged to bear upon the ground or supporting surface asuitable distance from the adjacentside of the machine. Said foot orbase is borne upon by an upright screw Q, that extends through andengages an upright nut R', (shown in dotted lines,) formed internally ofthe outer and lower end of the brace-frames diagonally-arranged bar R.Screw Q at its upper end is provided with suitable means, such, forinstance, as a bar Q', extending through it,for turning the same. Bar Rat its upper end is vertically journaled within a bracket A2, rigidlysecured to the machines body portion adjacent to the A-frame, wherebysaid bar is capable of being swung laterally. The braces frame alsocomprises two approximately horizontallyarranged rods or bars S,vertically pivoted at their inner ends, as at S', to the under side ofthe machines body portion and a suitable distance apart, and said barsor rods S S extend,laterally of the machine and converge toward theirouter ends, where they are detachably secured, preferably by means of asingle horizontally-arranged bolt or pin S2, to opposite sides,respectively, of the outer end of bar R. The forward lower member S ofthe braces frame is pivoted, preferably, to the under side of thebolster over the forward truck, and the rear member S is preferablypivoted to the under side of the cross-beam C2, located next rearward ofsaid bolster. It will be observed, therefore, that the framework of vmyimproved brace forms a horizontally-arranged tripod, whose three membersare connected at three dierent points, respectively, to the machinesstationary part below and adjacent to the A-frame, and that by removingthe ground-engaging platform or foot from, or releasing it relative to,the screw of the jack or brace the three members of the braces frame arerendered free to be swung laterally alongside of the machine as aconvenience in the transportation or shipment of a machine. The membersof the frame of one of the braces are shown swung laterally in Figs. 2and 3.

The hinge connection between the machines body portion and the upper endof the diagonally-arranged bar R of the framework of the jack or braceconsists, preferably, of a vertical cylindrical journal r, (see Figs. 4and 5,) formed upon the upper end of said bar and seated uponacomparatively narrow shoulder, flange, or rib A3, formed upon bracket A2at the inner and rear sides of said journal. The upper end of bracket A2overhangs the journal, as at A", and the overhanging portion of saidbracket is provided upon its under side with a comparatively shallowrecess A5, engaged easily by the journals upper end, and said peculiarhinge connection will, in case the lower members 0r supports of thebraces frame break, come apart and permit the diagon ally-arranged barimmediately to drop or become disconnected from the machines bodyportion, and thereby avoid breakage of said bar and the hingeconnection.

Vhat I claim is- 1. An excavator of the character indicated, mountedupon trucks arranged at opposite `ends, respectively, of the machine,and havsides, respectively, of the body portion and resting upon thebolster and composed, partially, of comparatively wide I-beams thatextend downwardly over the ends of the bolsters, and have their lowerinner lianges extending in under the bolsters; intermediate beams orgirders extending between and over and `resting upon the holsters, andthe tumtable-bearing platform upon the forward portion of said girders,substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of the machines stationary portion, of an externalbrace for the same, said brace having its frame composed of threemembers extending laterally from said stationary portion, said bracemembers being capable of being swung laterally and hinged or pivoted tosaid stationary portion independently of each other, and a single boltor pin detachably securing together the outer ends of said bracemembers, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination with the machines stationary portion and an externalbrace for the same, said brace comprising any suitable number of lowerrods or bars extending laterally and outwardly from the lower part ofthe machines stationary portion, and a diagonally-arranged bar suitablysecured, at its lower and outer end, to the outer end or ends of saidlower member or members, and terminating in an upright journal at itsupper end, of a bracket suitably secured to the machines stationaryportion and voverhanging said journal and provided, at the lower end ofthe journal, with a comparatively narrow: rib or seat bearing thejournal, and the brackets overhangin g portion being provided with arecess engaged by the journals upper end, substantially as shown, forthe purpose specified.

5. The combination of the boom, the excavating-shovel, winding-drumsuitably supported from the boom, a suitably-actuated cable adapted towind upon and drive said drum in the one direction, anothersuitablyactuated cable adapted to wind upon and drive the drum in theopposite direction, and a suitable operative connection between the drumand shovel whereby the latter is fed in the one or the other directionaccording as said drum is driven in the one direction or the other,substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of the boom, the excavating-shovel, asuitably-supported windingdrum, a suitably-actuated cable operativelyconnected with said drum and arranged to drive said drum in onedirection, another more rapidly-speeded cable operatively engagin g andarranged to drive the drum in the opposite direction, and a suitableoperative connection between the drum and shovel whereby the latter isfed in the one or the other direction according as said drum is drivenin the one direction or the other, substantially as and for the purposeset forth.

7. The combination with the boom, a pinion or pinions suitably supportedfrom the boom, the excavating-shovel having an arm provided with a rackor racks meshing with said pinion or pinions, a suitably-supported drumoperatively connected with said pinion or pinions, a suitably-actuatedcable leading in under and operatively engaging said drum, and anothersuitably-actuated cable leading over and operatively engaging said drum,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

S. The combination with the boom, a pinion or pinions suitably supportedfrom the boom, the excavating-shovel having an arm provided with a rackor racks meshing with said pinion or pinions, of a suitably-supporteddrum operatively connected with said pinion or pinions, asuitably-actuated cable leading in under an d operatively engaging saiddrum, and another suitably-actuated cable leading over and operativelyengaging said drum, and one of said cables being speeded more rapidlythan the other, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. The combination of the boom, excavatin g-shovel,a suitably-supportedand suitablyactuated shaft driven, when operated, continuously in onedirection, two drums loosely mounted upon said shaft and differing insize diametrically, a clutch for each of said drums for establishingoperative connection between the respect-ive drum and shaft, two cablesoperatively engaging the diiferent drums, respectively, and mechanism orapparatus establishing operative connection between said cables and theexcavating-shovel and so arranged that the cable engaging thediametrically larger drum shall be instrumental in effecting the returnstroke of the shovel after excavatin g, and the other cable shall beinstrumental in effecting the shovels excavating stroke, substantiallyas and for the purpose set forth.

l0. The combination with the boom, a pinion or pinions suitablysupported from the boom, the excavating-shovel having an arm providedwith a rack or racks meshing with said pinion or pinions, of a drumoperatively connected with'said pinion or pinions, a cable leading inunder and operatively engaging one portion of said-drum, another cableleading over and operatively engaging another portion of said drum, andthe arrangement of parts being such that the shovels excavating strokeor return stroke is eected according as said drum is turned in the oneor the other direction, a shaft driven, when operated, continuously inone direction, two drums loosely mounted upon said shaft and operativelyengaging the different cables, respectively, a clutch foreach of saidloosely-mounted drums for controlling operative connection between thedrum and shaft, and the clutch-controlled drum engaging the cableinstrumental in effecting the shovels excavating stroke beingdiametrically smaller than the other clutchcontrolled drum,substantially as and for the purpose set forth. p

l1. A machine of the character indicated having the so-calledhoisting-drum loosely mounted on a shaft arranged transversely of andsuitably supported from the machines body portion and suitably driven,when operated, continuously in one direction, a'clutch for controllingoperative connection between said drum and shaft, another shaft suitablysupported forward of and arranged parallel and intergeared with thehoisting-drum shaft, the two drums instrumental in feeding theexcavating-shovel in opposite directions, respectively, and the twodrums employed in swinging the boom laterally in opposite directions,respectively, loosely mounted upon the forward shaft, and a clutch foreach of said four last-mentioned drums for controlling operativeconnection between the respective drum and shaft, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

l2. The combination of the boom capable of being swung laterally andhaving a lower pivotal center and an upper pivotal center, anexcavating-shovel, a sheave supported at a suitable elevation above thebooms lower end and having its axis extending transversely of the boom,another sheave between the pivotal centers of the boom and in closeproximity to the booms upper pivotal center, the suitablyactuatedhoisting-cable operatively connected with the shovel and thence leadingto and over the boom-sheave and thence to and over the aforesaid sheave,and a vertically and laterally swinging bracket bearing thelast-mentioned sheave and having its axis approximatelyparallel Wi ththe hoisting-cable section leading to said sheave from the boom-sheave,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

13. The combination with the machines IOO IIO

IZO

ing to and overthe boom-sheave, thence rearwardly to and over thefirst-mentioned sheave,

and thence downwardly and rearwardly, and a suitablyactuated Windingdrumoperatively engaging said cable and located a snitable distance rearwardof the boom, 'Substam` tially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I sign this specifical-v tion, in the presence oftwo witnesses,vthis 13th day of February, 1896.

, GEORGE W. KING.

VVitnesrses: Y

HARRY J. BARNHART, A. E. CHENEY.

